ophiodiicola infection in Bocourt water snakes and in a Pueblan milk snake, as well as the first report of O. Two of the three snakes apparently recovered from lesions after multiple natural sheds, whereas the third snake died. ophiodiicola was identified by culture and PCR. One Pueblan milk snake ( Lampropeltis triangulum campbelli) from the same zoologic institution presented with yellow crusts and white blisters on its body, from which O. Histopathology performed in one Bocourt water snake revealed fungal hyphae in epidermal structures of lesions. Two captive Bocourt water snakes ( Subsessor bocourti) presented with chronic white skin lesions on their heads Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola was identified by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in skin scrapings from both snakes. Picquet, Pierre Heckers, Kim O Kolesnik, Ekaterina Heusinger, Anton Marschang, Rachel E Despite the traditional role of intense captivity in ophidian venom production, semiextensive captivity was more effective in the present study by virtue of presenting superior control of bacterial and fungal transmission, easier management, lowest cost, and decreased rate of mortality therefore, it should beĭETECTION OF OPHIDIOMYCES OPHIODIICOLA IN TWO CAPTIVE BOCOURT WATER SNAKES ( SUBSESSOR BOCOURTI) AND ONE CAPTIVE PUEBLAN MILK SNAKE ( LAMPROPELTIS TRIANGULUM CAMPBELLI). Using conventional methods and DNA-based molecular procedures, five samples of Trichosporon asahii were identified. pauloensis, and one Cdt showing whitish lesions on the scales suggestive of ringworm. To evaluate mycological profile of snakes from intensive captivity, samples were obtained from two healthy Bj and one B. In vitro bacterial susceptibility testing found the highest resistance against the semisynthetic penicillins (amoxicillin and ampicillin) and highest sensitivity to amicacin and tobramycin aminoglycosides. No statistical difference was found between Bj and Cdt bacterial frequency. Statistically, intensive captivity resulted in the highest number of bacterial isolates, followed by recent capture (quarantine) and by semiextensive captivity. There was predominance of Enterobacteriaceae, especially non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli excluding Pseudomonas spp and Gram- positive bacteria. A bacteriological profile was obtained by swabbing the oral and cloacal cavities, scales, and venoms of healthy adult snakes from Bothrops jararaca (Bj) and Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt). This study evaluated the management of snakes in three types of captivity (quarantine, intensive, and semiextensive) and diagnosed bacterial and fungal contaminants. Further, the success of the project requires knowledge of habitat, nutrition, and reproduction, and control of opportunistic infections. Maintaining snakes in captivity involves capture, infrastructure investments, management techniques, and appropriate qualified personnel. Keeping snakes in captivity to produce venom for scientific research and production of inputs is now a worldwide practice. Microbiological evaluation of different strategies for management of snakes in captivity.Ĭampagner, M V Bosco, S M G Bagagli, E Cunha, M L R S Jeronimo, B C Saad, E Biscola, N P Ferreira, R S Barraviera, B
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